10.1. APP

Definition of the functor APP

The functor APP (appurtenance) is a functor for a free adnominal modification denoting a person or an object, to which the person or object referred to by the governing noun is in the relation of appurtenance.

The modification with the functor APP is defined semantically. It denotes the appurtenance of one person or thing to another in a very broad sense. The paraphrase "X has Y", where X is the modification with the APP functor and Y is its governing noun. Compare:

The modification with the functor APP bears especially the following meanings:

Forms. The modification with the functor APP is primarily expressed by a noun in the genitive case or by a possessive adjective.

The basic forms of modifications with the functor APP are:

Dependent clause. The modification with the functor APP can be expressed by a dependent clause only with the help of a supporting expression. Example:

Fotografové kříží různé významové roviny toho, co vidíme.APP (=The photographers cross the meaning layers of what we can see)

Figure 7.55. The APP functor

The APP functor

okraj chodníku (=lit. edge of_pavement)

10.1.1. Borderline cases with the functor APP

Borders with the functors AUTH and RSTR. The functor APP borders on the adnominal functors AUTH and RSTR (in cases like: Karlova.APP knížka (=Charles' book) vs. Nezvalovy.AUTH básně (=Nezval's poems)). For details see Section 10.2.1, "Borderline cases with the functor AUTH".

Borders with the functors PAT and ACT. The functor APP in the position of an obligatory free modification borders on the Patient and Actor. For more on this see Section 2.3.2.3.3, "Borderline between the Patient and the MAT and APP functors" and Section 2.3.2.4.9, "Valency frames of nouns referring to personal qualities and properties of things".

Border with the functor MAT. The modification expressing the appurtenance can (when in the genitive form) in some cases border with the meaning of the functor MAT (see Section 10.4, "MAT"). If the governing noun denotes an institution, organization, group etc., the dependent modification is more likely to be assigned the functor APP; the MAT functor is assigned in those cases where the governing noun expresses rather the size of the group (it does not express its character, it only has the meaning of a container). Compare:

  • organizace neslyšících.APP (=the organization of the hearing-impaired)

    spolek zahrádkářů.APP (=the association of gardeners)

    třída dětí.APP (=a class of children)

  • většina lidí.MAT (=lit. most of_people)

    dvojice žen.MAT (=pairs of women)

    (velká) skupina dětí.MAT (=(large) group of children)

Border with the functor ID. The functor APP borders on the functor ID in cases like trest smrti.ID (= death sentence) (explicative genitive). For more on this see Section 8.1, "Basic rules for the annotation of identifying expressions".