2.3. EFF

Definition of the EFF functor

EFF (Effect) is a functor used for arguments referring to the result of the event. In those cases when the argument shifting applies, a modification is assigned the EFF functor if the verb (noun, adjective) has at least three arguments.

For the rules regarding the argument shifting, see Section 2.1.4, "Criteria for determining the type of argument (the principle of shifting)". The EFF functor is defined primarily semantically. In those cases when the argument shifting applies, the EFF functor is assigned to the argument with the cognitive role of the result of the event only if the verb (noun, adjective) has at least three arguments; if the verb has two arguments and the second one has the cognitive role of the result of the event, the argument gets the PAT functor!

EFF refers to the result of the event, in the broad sense of the word, especially it refers to:

NB! The EFF functor is assigned to some effective root nodes of direct speech. For more on this see Section 3, "Direct speech".

Possible forms. The argument with the EFF functor is defined mainly semantically and it typically occurs in semantic cases (the instrumental, prepositional phrases), which do not change as a consequence of derivation. The Effect argument of verbs, nouns and adjectives is therefore expressed by essentially the same forms. The basic forms of the EFF modification are:

2.3.1. Borderline cases with the EFF functor

Border with the ADDR functor. In cases like bránit děti před nebezpečím (=to protect children from danger) vs. bránit majetek před zloději (=to protect the property from thieves), the EFF functor borders on the ADDR functor (see Section 2.4, "ADDR"). For more on this border see Section 2.3.1.4, "Finding the borderline between the individual argument functors".

Border with the DIR3 functor. With verbs of change (from one state into another), the EFF functor is bordering on the DIR3 functor (see Section 4.3, "DIR3"). For more on this border see Section 2.3.1.3.4, "The borderline between the PAT, ORIG and EFF arguments and the DIR1 and DIR3 adjuncts".