The basic definitions of the arguments and rules for their identification and representation are to be found in Section 2, "Valency". The present section is devoted mainly to the description of the cognitive roles that can be expressed by the individual arguments.

NB! The modification with the MAT functor is also an argument; it is described in Section 10.4, "MAT".

The possible forms. The possible forms of the individual arguments are listed in the valency frames (i.e. in the valency lexicon). For more on this see Section 2.2, "Valency frames and the way they are recorded in the valency lexicon". The present section only mentions the most common forms for the individual arguments without any reference to the lexical content of a particular governing element. The forms are only classified on the basis of the semantic part-of-speech character of the governing lexical item. When listing the possible forms for arguments dependent on nouns, only the forms specific for adnominal arguments are presented (different from the forms of adverbal arguments); especially if these are arguments of non-deverbal nouns. The possible forms of deverbal nouns are often identical to the forms of the arguments of their base verbs, namely when these are prepositional phrases, semantic cases of nouns or dependent clauses.

Borderline cases with argument functors. Borderline cases with the individual argument functors are described mainly in the section on valency. The general rules (tendencies) for determining the functor values in unclear cases are described in Section 2.3.1.3, "Finding the borderline between arguments and obligatory adjuncts and between obligatory and optional adjuncts" and Section 2.3.1.4, "Finding the borderline between the individual argument functors". A reference to the description of the relevant borderline cases is always included in the section devoted to a given argument.