One-member sentences without a verb ExD, ExD_Co

INFO EXD2

One-member verbless sentences also belong to the afun ExD (see part Representation of one-member verbless sentences); there are several types of these sentences all treated in the same way (part Types of one-member verbless sentences).

Representation of one-member verbless sentences

INFO EXD2

One-member sentenes not containing a verb are assigned afun ExD.

image

Nedělní   Lidové   noviny.  
Sunday   Lidové   noviny.  

Types of one-member verbless sentences

INFO EXD2

  1. Nominal

    1. nouns:

      1. Škola!  
        school  
      2. Nedělní   Lidové   noviny.  
        Sunday   Lidové   noviny.  
    2. adjectives:

      1. Skvělé!  
        Excellent!  
      2. Krásná!  
        Beautiful!  
    3. adverbs

      1. Znamenitě!  
        Remarkably!  
      2. Kdepak!  
        Not-at-all!  
  2. Vocatives:

    Franto!  
    Franta!  
  3. Interjections:

    Bum!  
    Crash!  

If the Vocative or the interjection is embedded (e.g. Franto, pojď sem! Franta, come here!, Hej, nevíš, kam jde? Hi, don't you happen to know where he is going?), they get afun ExD (see A syntactially non-incorporated sentence part or sentential form; ellipsis; an independent sentence part; vocative; interjection Exd_Pa).

In some cases, the interjection may have the function Pred (e.g. Hybaj domů! Rush home!; see the part Simple verbal predicate.

One-member infinitival sentences get the afun Pred (Být pořád mladý! To be young all the time, Nemít tolik práce. Not to have so much work).

A special case of one-member sentences is constituted by the words ano (yes), ne (no), ni (not), ba (even so), bať (even so) and words similar to those. If they stand alone (see ex. (1)), they are assigned afun ExD, in a similar vein as other one member sentences. It is often the case that a sentence is attached to these words; this is formally treated as coordination, be these words in a relation to the attched sentences (ex. (2)) or not (ex. (3)); in both cases, the given words are assigned afun ExD_Co.

  1. image

    Ano.  
    Yes.  
  2. image

    Ne,   šel   jsem   na   pivo  
    no   I-went   Aux   for   beer  
    No, I went to have a beer.
  3. image

    Bať,   největší   frajer   jsem   tady    
    even-so   toughest   daredevil   am   here   I  
    Even so, the toughest daredevil here is me.