do they only consist of a proper name? (Prague, the Kremlin)

do they consist of a proper name and a common noun (a descriptor)? (Lake Michigan, the novel The Hours)

when comprising a descriptor, is the descriptor integral part of the name (Lake Michigan) or not (Kent cigarettes)?

being a company's name, does the identifying expression seem to be governed by an abbreviation?

when without descriptor, does the name include a noun not governed by any preposition that can be the governing node of the entire name (Amadeus, Angela's Ashes, Two Towers, Hair) or does the name lack such an apparent governing element (On the Road, On Mice and Men, Breaking the Waves, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner)? Coordinated structures are governed by the coordination node, and therefore they are regarded as those lacking the governing noun (e.g. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire)

Names comprising proper nouns without descriptors or names comprising proper nouns with descriptors as integral components. The effective root of an identifying expression has a functor according its position in the structure. Nodes dependent on the effective root are analyzed according to the standard annotation rules. Articles that are obviously part of the identifying expression are governed by the nouns and get their own node with the functor INTF. The annotation considers the article to be part of the identifying expression when:

On the other hand, it is treated in the regular way when occurring inside of an identifyig expression: Kerouac's.AUTH {#Idph.DENOM} <On> <the> Road.ID

The article is always the left sister of adjectival and nominal modifiers and the right sister of possible predeterminers.

The effective root of the identifying expression of this type gets the appropriate functor according to itsfunction in the sentence. For example:

Names introduced or postmodified by a descriptor that is not integral part of the name: these are represented as identification structures (see Section 3.1, “Identification structure”). For example:

Names of companies including an abbreviation like Ltd., GmbH., etc.: names of companies are not analyzed at this annotation stage. All members of the subtree get the attribute value [is_name=1], and they will be annotated together later.

Names lacking a governing noun in a prepositionless case (On the Road, On Mice and Men, Breaking the Waves, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner): Like names introduced or postmodified by a descriptor that is not integral part of the name, this type of identifying expression is represented as identification structure (see Section 3.1, “Identification structure”). An artificial governing node with the t-lemma substitute #Idph is inserted as the effective root of the subtree.