The term t-lemma substitute is used for artificial t-lemmas beginning with #. T-lemma substitutes are assigned to:
newly established nodes that are not copies of other nodes (see Section 6, “Ellipsis”).
T-lemma substitutes: #AsMuch, #Benef, #Cor, #EmpNoun, #EmpVerb, #Equal, #Forn, #Gen, #Idph, #Neg, #Oblfm, #PersPron, #QCor, #Rcp, #Separ, #Some, #Unsp, #Total (see Table 4.8, “Survey of newly established
nodes” in Section 6, “Ellipsis”).
nodes representing personal pronouns and their possessive counterparts, reflexive pronouns and the verbal pro-form (dummy-do, only in non-negated utterances).
T-lemma substitutes: #PersPron,
#VerbPron, #Rcp (when substituting
each other/one another)
nodes representing punctuation marks and other non-alphabetical/numerical symbols (if used at the tectogrammatical level).
For their t-lemma substitutes see Table 3.1, “T-lemma substitutes of non-alphabetical/numerical symbols”.
Table 3.1. T-lemma substitutes of non-alphabetical/numerical symbols
| Non-alphabetical/numerical symbol | Description of the symbol | T-lemma substitute |
| & | ampersand | #Amp |
| % | per cent | #Percnt |
| * | asterisk | #Ast |
| . | period | #Period |
| ... | three periods | #Period3 |
| : | colon | #Colon |
| , | comma | #Comma |
| ; | semicolon | #Semicolon |
| - | hyphen | #Dash |
| – | dash | #Dash |
| / | slash | #Slash |
| ( | left bracket | #Bracket |
| ) | right bracket | #Bracket |
List of all t-lemma substitutes (in alphabetical order). In Table 3.2, “List of all t-lemma substitutes (in alphabetical order).”, there is a list of all t-lemma substitutes occurring in the tectogrammatical trees. The t-lemmas are in alphabetical order and it is always indicated whether they represent a word/symbol present in the surface structure or whether they correspond to a newly established node (with no counterpart at the surface level). Furthermore, it is specified which node type is usually connected with a particular t-lemma.
Table 3.2. List of all t-lemma substitutes (in alphabetical order).
| T-lemma | nodetype | is_generated | Node description | ||
|
|
| node representing the symbol & | ||
|
|
| node for an expression introducing a consecutive clause | ||
|
|
| node representing the symbol * | ||
|
|
| node for the Beneficiary in control constructions | ||
|
|
| node representing a bracket | ||
|
|
| node representing a colon | ||
|
|
| node representing a comma | ||
|
|
| node representing the controllee in control constructions | ||
|
|
| node representing a hyphen or dash | ||
|
|
| node representing an elided governing expression of syntactic adjectives | ||
|
|
| node representing the elided governing predicate of a verbal clause | ||
|
|
| node for the elided adjective in positive in comparative constructions | ||
|
|
| root node of a list structure for foreign-language expressions | ||
|
|
| node for a general argument | ||
|
|
| root node of an identifying structure | ||
|
|
| node for syntactic negation | ||
|
|
| node representing an elided obligatory adjunct | ||
|
|
| node representing the symbol % | ||
|
|
| node representing a period | ||
|
|
| node representing three dots | ||
|
|
| node representing personal or possessive pronouns
(including reflexives). With newly established nodes, the | ||
|
|
| node representing the quasi-controllee in quasi-control constructions | ||
|
|
| node representing a valency modification omitted due to its participation in a reciprocal relation, or each other/one another | ||
|
|
| node representing a semicolon | ||
|
|
| auxiliary node for representing parataxis | ||
|
|
| node representing a slash | ||
|
|
| node for the nominal part of a verbonominal predicate in comparative constructions | ||
|
|
| node for a non-expressed totalizer in constructions with the meaning of a restriction | ||
|
|
| node representing an unspecified valency modification | ||
#VerbPron |
| 1 | node representing the verbal pro-form (dummy-do) in positive (non-negated) utterances. It has the original do-node attached as auxrf and it inherits its grammatemes. |