9. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions are segments in a language other than Czech. A segment is a foreign-language expression if it contains one or more foreign-language words that are not in forms corresponding to the Czech morphology.

List structure for foreign-language expressions. Foreign-language expressions are analyzed as a list structure (see also Section 4, "List structure root nodes"). The root node of a list structure for foreign-language expressions is a newly established node with the t-lemma substitute #Forn (nodetype=list). The root node of the list structure is assigned a functor according to the role the foreign-language expression has in the sentence.

All parts of a foreign language expression (including the punctuation and other symbols) are represented by separate nodes in the tree and are immediate daughters of the root. Thus, they are represented as sisters, in the same order as on the surface. These nodes (items in the list) are assigned the FPHR functor (nodetype=fphr; see also Section 5, "Nodes representing foreign-language expressions"). The t-lemmas are the surface forms of the foreign-language words.

Examples:

Nenahraditelný je pro sledování {#Forn.PAT} cash.FPHR flow.FPHR (=It is indispensable for the cash flow monitoring) Fig. 8.173

firma {#Forn.ID} Eagle.FPHR Group.FPHR V.FPHR . [#Period.FPHR] A.FPHR . [#Period.FPHR] (=Eagle Group V.A. company) Fig. 8.174

ubytování typu {#Forn.ID} bed.FPHR and.FPHR breakfast.FPHR (=bed and breakfast type of accomodation)

Modification of the list. A foreign-language expression can be modified (as a whole) by a Czech expression. Such a modification (or its root node) is an immediate daughter of the root node of the list structure. Cf.:

List structure for foreign-language expressions vs. identification structure. Also foreign-language names (except for one-word names in the nominative of identity) are analyzed as foreign-language expressions. If there are two possible analyses of an expression: as a list structure, or as an identification structure (see Section 8.1.3, "Identification structure"), the analysis making use of the list structure (for foreign-language expressions; see also Section 8.2.1, "Specific rules for certain types of proper nouns") is to be preferred.

Examples of foreign-language names analyzed as list structures:

Z {#Forn.DIR1} Uyuni.FPFR je to 22 km. (=It is 22 km from Uyuni) Fig. 8.176

v deníku {#Forn.ID} Financial.FPFR Times.FPFR (=in the Financial Times daily newspaper)

The following cases are not analyzed as a list structure:

In unclear cases, the analysis making use of the list structure is to be preferred.

Figure 8.173. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions

Nenahraditelný je pro sledování cash flow. (=lit. Irreplaceable is for monitoring cash flow)

Figure 8.174. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions

firma Eagle Group V. A.

Figure 8.175. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions

Přispíval do britských Financial Times. (=lit. (He) was_contributing to British Financial Times)

Figure 8.176. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions

Z Uyuni je to 22 km. (=lit. From Uyuni is it 22 km)

Figure 8.177. Foreign-language expressions

Foreign-language expressions

čínský císař Tung chun Chou (=lit. Chinese emperor Tung chun Chou)