3.2.1. Countries, cities, rivers, mountains

3.2.1. Countries, cities, rivers, mountains
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Main noun. The main word (head) in a multi-word name of a city is always noun; the same holds for a one-word city name. If it is homonymous with an adjective, a new noun lemma is created for the name. Thus Hluboká is lemmatized as Hluboká_;G / NNFS1-----A---- rather than hluboký / AAFS1----1A---- (lit. deep)Nouns that are frequently used in names (such as Újezd, Ústí may have their own geographical lemmas even if they are homonymous with a normal word. For homonymous pairs where the non-geographical usage is much more common (such as voda (water), ves (village), město (city)) it is recommended to stick with the non-geographical lemma even in geographical usages.

Modifiers in multi-word names. Attributive adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions etc. should be lemmatized as normal words. Other nouns may be lemmatized as geographical if they are nested geographical names (e.g. names of rivers or mountains in names of cities).

Part of speech of foreign words. Original part of speech of the word in the source language is used unless there is a good reason not to do so. Besides not knowing the original part of speech, a very good reason is that the word behaves as a different part of speech in Czech texts. For instance, blanc is adjective in French Mont Blanc but it behaves as a noun in na Mont Blanku. Mont can be annotated as an undeclined noun. See Chapter 6, Foreign words and phrases for more information on foreign words.

Table 3.2. Examples of geographical names

Name	Type	Morphological annotation
Česká republika	country	`český` / `AAFS1----1A----` // `republika` / `NNFS1-----A----`
Ústí nad Labem	city	`Ústí_;G` / `NNNS1-----A----` // `nad-1` / `RR--7----------` // `Labe_;G` / `NNNS7-----A----`
Karlovy Vary	city	`Karlův_;Y_^(*3el)` / `AUIP1M---------` // `Vary_;G_^(Karlovy_Vary)` / `NNIP1-----A----`
Dobrá Voda	city	`dobrý` / `AAFS1----1A----` // `voda` / `NNFS1-----A----`
Odolena Voda	city	`Odolena_;G_^(Odolena_Voda)` / `AAXXX----1A----` // `voda` / `NNFS1-----A----`
Černá v Pošumaví	city	`Černá_;G` / `NNFS1-----A----` // `v-1` / `RR--6-----A----` // `Pošumaví_;G` / `NNNS6-----A----`
Ohrada u Hluboké	city	`ohrada` / `NNFS1-----A----` // `u-1` / `RR--2----------` // `Hluboká_;G` / `NNFS2-----A----`
Hradec Králové	city	`Hradec_;G` / `NNIS1-----A----` // `králová_^(královna)` / `NNFS2-----A----`
Kostelec nad Černými Lesy	city	`Kostelec_;G` / `NNIS1-----A----` // `nad-1` / `RR--7----------` // `černý_;o` / `AAIP7----1A----` // `les` / `NNIP7-----A----`
New York	city	`new_,t_^(angl._nový)` / `AAXXX----1A----` // `York_;G` / `NNIS1-----A----`
A Coruńa	city	`o-10_,t_^(port._člen)` / `AAFSX----1A----` // `Coruńa_;G` / `NNFS1-----A----`
Săo Paulo	city	`săo_,t_^(port._svatý)` / `AAMSX----1A----` // `Paulo_;Y` / `NNMS1-----A----`
Rio de Janeiro	city	`Rio_;G` / `NNNS1-----A----` // `de_,t` / `RR--X-----------` // `Janeiro_;G` / `NNNS1-----A----`
Le Havre	city	`le_,t_^(fr._člen)` / `AAISX----1A----` // `Havre_;G` / `NNIS1-----A----`
Krems an der Donau	city	`Krems_;G` / `NNIS1-----A----` // `an_,t` / `RR--3----------` // `der_,t_^(něm._člen)` / `AAFS3----1A----` // `Donau_;G` / `NNFSX-----A----`
San Juan de la Rambla	city	`san_,t_^(šp._a_it._svatý)` / `AAMSX----1A----` // `Juan_;Y` / `NNMS1-----A----` // `de_,t` / `RR--X----------` // `el_,t_^(šp._člen)` / `AAFSX----1A----` // `Rambla_;G` / `NNFSX----1A----`
Kao-hsiung	city	`Kao_;G` / `AAXXX----1A----` // `-` / `Z:-------------` // `hsiung_;G_^(př._Kao-hsiung)` / `NNXXX-----A----`
Wu-lu-mu-čchi	city	`Wu_;G` / `NNXXX-----A----` // `-` / `Z:-------------` // `lu_;G` / `NNXXX-----A----` // `-` / `Z:-------------` // `mu_;G` / `NNXXX-----A----` // `-` / `Z:-------------` // `čchi_;G` / `NNXXX-----A----`
Gerlachovský štít	mountain	`gerlachovský` / `AAIS1----1A----` // `štít` / `NNIS1-----A----`
Divoká Orlice	river	`divoký` / `AAFS1----1A----` // `Orlice_;G` / `NNFS1-----A----`